( 2015) summarized that, regardless of some inconsistencies, the evidence tended to suggest that more time spent on near-work activities was associated with increased chances of developing myopia. ![]() Of the many features relevant to lifestyle, two major features that have been widely investigated are the time spent in near-work and time spent outdoors (Morgan et al. One major risk factor that has been generally accepted is lifestyle changes (Morgan et al. The key to preventing myopia is the identification of modifiable risk factors for myopia. Indoor-oriented lifestyles were found to predominate in Chinese children. Although the agreement between the questionnaire and Clouclip was relatively poor, they were able to complement each other to provide a more logical and feasible assessment of exposure to near-work and outdoor activity. ![]() ConclusionsĬlouclip had excellent precision and accuracy. For weekend days, however, the duration was only 0.17 hr. Based on Clouclip, the total time spent outdoors was estimated to be 1.55 hr on school days, of which 0.34 hr occurred after school. The greatest overestimation of outdoor activity also occurred during the school period. The greatest overestimation of near-work occurred during the school period. Assuming that 1000 Lux was the typical cut-off for outdoor environments, the questionnaire showed a trend of overestimation for both. Within the measurement limit, the maximum relative error was 2.07% for distance and 2.23% for illuminance. The intra- and inter-Clouclip coefficients were 1.00 and 0.99 for measuring distance and 1.00 and 1.00 for illuminance, respectively. Eighty participants wore Clouclips for a week and completed an activity questionnaire afterwards. ![]() With each Clouclip, five measurements at different distances and light intensities were measured and recorded. Methodsįifteen Clouclips were selected to measure different distances and levels of illuminance. To validate a novel wearable device that can measure both viewing distance and light exposure, Clouclip, and compare questionnaire estimates regarding near-work and outdoor time with the objective measures obtained using Clouclip.
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